Handle errors

Learn how to resolve Terminal API errors and handle declined payments.

To be able to resolve issues with your requests, you need to know how Terminal API informs you of the processing status of your request. This is communicated in the Response object of the API response, which has:

Result: One of the following values:
- Success: The request succeeded / the transaction was approved.
- Partial: The transaction amount has been partially approved.
- Failure: The request or transaction didn't succeed. The remaining Response fields provide more information about the error, to enable you to determine how to handle it.
ErrorCondition: This field is included when the request or transaction fails, and indicates the cause of the failure.
AdditionalResponse: More information about the error condition. You'll receive either a string of form-encoded key-value pairs or a Base64 string that you need to decode to get a JSON object.

Now let's see what you can do when:

The request failed because it was invalid.
You made a payment request but didn't receive a result.
The result of your payment request indicates the transaction failed.

Invalid message format

A Response object with Result Failure and ErrorCondition MessageFormat indicates there was a mistake in the request you sent. Proceed as follows:

Determine what caused the error, based on the message, warnings, or errors in the AdditionalResponse. For example, a missing required field or an unexpected field.

The following example is for a response indicating that the Currency field is missing from the payment request:
```
{
...
   "Response":{
      "Result":"Failure",
      "AdditionalResponse": "errors=At%20SaleToPOIRequest.PaymentRequest.PaymentTransaction.AmountsReq%2c%20field%20Currency%3a%20Missing",
      "ErrorCondition":"MessageFormat"
   }
...
}
```
Refer to the Terminal API reference if necessary, then manually fix your request and try again.

Invalid JSON format

If your API request does not contain a valid JSON object, you receive a Bad JSON HTTP reply that specifies the line number and a description of the issue:

["Bad JSON:LINE_NUMBER: DESCRIPTION"]

Manually fix the JSON error on the line mentioned in the HTTP reply and try again.

Unavailable service

A Response object with Result Failure and ErrorCondition UnavailableService indicates we were unable to implement your request. Proceed as follows:

Determine what caused the error, based on the message, warnings, or errors in the AdditionalResponse. For example:
- You tried to use functionality that the payment terminal doesn't support.
- You tried to use a ProtocolVersion that the terminal can't manage.
- You tried to use functionality that we don't support.
The following example is for a response indicating that there's a mismatch between the protocol versions (2.0 in the request and 3.0 on the terminal):
```
{
...
   "Response": {
      "Result": "Failure",
      "AdditionalResponse": "message=Sale%20Protocol%20Version%202.0%20mismatch%2c%20Version%20implemented%3a%203.0",
      "ErrorCondition": "UnavailableService"
   }
...
}
```
Depending on the cause of the error, manually fix your request and send it again. For example, after receiving the above failure response you'd specify the same protocol version that the terminal supports.

No result received

We recommend that your integration automatically requests the status of a transaction, any time it fails to receive a transaction response.
Payment requests time out after 120 seconds. If you do not receive a payment response (or you receive a response indicating a time-out) after 120 seconds, and the network connection hasn't dropped, your integration should automatically request the transaction status.

If you do not receive a transaction result, neither synchronously nor asynchronously, proceed as follows:

Make a TransactionStatusRequest (see Verify transaction status for details).

Determine your next action based on the TransactionStatusResponse.Response:

Response	Description	Action
`Result` Success	The transaction was processed.	Use the `RepeatedResponseMessageBody` to determine how to process the transaction.
`ErrorCondition` InProgress	The payment terminal is waiting for a response from the shopper, or there is a delay with the card issuer.	Continue making a transaction status request for this transaction every five seconds until you receive a response indicating the transaction was processed.
`ErrorCondition` NotFound	Possible causes: The details you specified in the transaction status request are incorrect. We did not receive your request; maybe your connection dropped after sending the request.	Possible actions: Provide the details of the original transaction in the `MessageReference` of your transaction status request. Retry the original transaction.

Terminal unavailable (cloud integration)

When you send a PaymentRequest to a payment terminal that is unavailable, the payment can't be processed. In a cloud integration, the Terminal API generates a Reject event notification.

Note that event notifications are always presented as a SaleToPOIRequest.

The EventNotification body contains:

RejectedMessage: A Base64 string containing the payment request that couldn't be processed. Decode this to get the original payment request as a JSON object.
EventToNotify: Reject
EventDetails: A message indicating why the payment terminal is unavailable.

Here's an example event notification for an unavailable payment terminal in a cloud integration:

{
   "SaleToPOIRequest": {
      "EventNotification": {
         "EventToNotify": "Reject",
         "EventDetails": "message=Did+not+receive+a+response+from+the+POI.",
         "RejectedMessage": "ewoi...0KfQo=",
         "TimeStamp": "2020-03-31T10:28:39.515Z"
      },
      "MessageHeader": {
         "DeviceID": "666568147",
         "MessageCategory": "Event",
         "MessageClass": "Event",
         "MessageType": "Notification",
         "POIID": "P400Plus-123456789",
         "ProtocolVersion": "3.0",
         "SaleID": "saleid-4c32759faaa7",
         "ServiceID": "31122609"
      }
   }
}

The steps that you can take, relate to the EventDetails message you receive:

Did not receive a response

"message=Did+not+receive+a+response+from+the+POI."

This message indicates that the request was sent but the payment terminal didn't respond, possibly because the websocket is down at the terminal.

Make a TransactionStatusRequest to verify whether the websocket connection was reestablished and the payment is now processed.

Failed to send message

"message=Failed+to+send+message+to+POI.+There+may+be+a+network+issue+or+it+may+not+have+the+websocket+connected."

This message indicates that probably the websocket for the payment terminal is not available on the Terminal Cloud API router.

On the payment terminal, check the websocket connection:
- On the display, there should be a cloud icon in the top row.
- Open the Admin menu (press 9 and then the Confirm button and enter the Admin PIN or refer to the instructions for your payment terminal model) and select Network > Diagnostics > Terminal API. The websocket items should have a green check mark.

Unknown POIID

"message=Unknown+POIID+P400Plus-123456789"

This message indicates that the terminal ID (POIID) in the payment request is incorrect, or that the terminal is in the inventory of the Company account and hasn't been assigned to a merchant account or store that allows processing payments.

On the payment terminal, open the terminal information (press 5 and then the Confirm button or refer to the instructions for your payment terminal model) and verify that the terminal ID in the format [device model]-[serial number] matches the POIID that you specified in the payment request. For example, P400Plus-123456789.
If the POIID matches, go to the next step.
Verify that the payment terminal is assigned to a merchant account or store. You can do this with the connectedTerminals API or in your Customer Area.

Declined payment

When a PaymentRequest results in a Response object with Result Failure and one of the error conditions listed below, the transaction was declined. The AdditionalResponse has more information about why the transaction was declined:

refusalReason: Our mapping of the raw response we receive from acquirers and issuers, to explain why the transaction failed.

message: Our mapping of the response code we receive from acquirers and issuers.

Here's an example failure response for a declined payment:

{
...
   "Response": {
      "Result": "Failure",
      "AdditionalResponse": "refusalReason=214%Declined%20online...&message=CANCELLED...",
      "ErrorCondition": "Refusal"
   }
...
}

When your payment request is declined, you need to determine whether you can retry it:

Check the ErrorCondition in the PaymentResponse.Response, because in many cases this already indicates whether you can retry the transaction.

Error condition Retry?

Aborted

Busy See next step

Cancel See next step

DeviceOut

InvalidCard See next step

NotAllowed

Refusal See next step

UnreachableHost

WrongPIN

For the error conditions Cancel, InvalidCard, and Refusal, check the AdditionalResponse for the refusalReason and message. For the error condition Busy, check the response for a serviceId.

You can use the ErrorCondition to code your cash register software. The refusalReason and Message fields are included for additional insight, and should not be coded against.
The serviceId can be used by the cash register to cancel a transaction.

Select the tabs for details.

ErrorCondition	refusalReason	message	Retry?
Cancel	Approved	APPROVED
Cancel	(all other refusalReasons)	(all other messages)

ErrorCondition	serviceId	message
Busy	1234567890	Forbidden Request, Service Dialogue PaymentRequest is in Progress
Busy		ADMIN_MENU
Busy		(all other messages)

Using the serviceId you can make an AbortRequest to cancel the in-progress transaction that the terminal is busy with.

ErrorCondition	refusalReason	message
InvalidCard	Card data authentication failed	DECLINED
InvalidCard	No checking account available on Card	NO_CHECKING_ACCOUNT_AVAILABLE_ON_CARD
InvalidCard	No savings account available on Card	NO_SAVINGS_ACCOUNT_AVAILABLE_ON_CARD

ErrorCondition	refusalReason	message
Refusal	CVC Declined	CVC_DECLINED
Refusal	Refused	DECLINED
Refusal	Declined Non Generic	DECLINED
Refusal	Acquirer Error	ERROR
Refusal	Expired Card	CARD_EXPIRED
Refusal	Issuer Suspected Fraud	ISSUER_SUSPECTED_FRAUD
Refusal	Not enough balance	NOT_ENOUGH_BALANCE
Refusal	Not Submitted	NOT_SUBMITTED
Refusal	Not supported	NOT_SUPPORTED
Refusal	Pin tries exceeded	PIN_TRIES_EXCEEDED
Refusal	Pin validation not possible	PIN_VALIDATION_NOT_POSSIBLE
Refusal	Restricted Card	RESTRICTED_CARD
Refusal	Withdrawal count exceeded	WITHDRAWAL_COUNT_EXCEEDED
Refusal	Withdrawal amount exceeded	WITHDRAWAL_AMOUNT_EXCEEDED
Refusal	Transaction Not Permitted	TRANSACTION_NOT_PERMITTED
Refusal	Always refused	DECLINED
Refusal	Amount too low to be accepted by Card Network	DECLINED
Refusal	Card is blocked	BLOCK_CARD
Refusal	declined	DECLINED
Refusal	Timeout waiting for card after contactless fallback	CONTACTLESS_FALLBACK
Refusal	Card requires online pin	PIN_REQUIRED
Refusal	Mobile PIN required	MOBILE_PIN_REQUIRED

For more information, see our reference documentation for refusal reasons. If you enabled receiving the refusalReasonRaw field in the AdditionalResponse, also see our reference documentation for raw acquirer responses.

The refusalReasonRaw provides additional information. But if you base your code on it, that might break your integration because acquirers and issuers sometimes change their raw responses without notification.

If applicable, retry the transaction.

Error condition comparison

The table below compares error conditions and troubleshooting steps specific to making a PaymentRequest, TransactionStatusRequest, or ReversalRequest (a referenced refund).

Error condition	PaymentRequest	TransactionStatusRequest	ReversalRequest
Aborted	See Declined payment	not applicable	Optionally retry
Cancel	See Declined payment	not applicable	not applicable
DeviceOut	See Declined payment	Wait and retry	Wait and retry
InProgress	not applicable	See No result received	not applicable
InvalidCard	See Declined payment	not applicable	not applicable
Invalid message format
NotAllowed	See Declined payment	Wait and retry	Wait and retry or Retry different device
NotFound	Manual recovery	See No result received	Manual recovery
Refusal	See Declined payment	not applicable	Manual recovery
Unavailable service
UnreachableHost	See Declined payment	Retry	Retry
WrongPIN	See Declined payment	not applicable	not applicable